7/25/2023 0 Comments Nocturnal epilepsy alcohol![]() MRI brain is the radiographic modality of choice 2. Note that this is not referring to seizures occurring in the setting of an acute CNS infection neurocysticercosis, tuberculosis, toxoplasmosis, cerebral malaria, subacute sclerosing panencephalitis, congenital CMV Note that some genetic etiologies may also be structural etiologies in this classificationĮ.g. Dravet syndrome), neurocutaneous syndromes (e.g. focal cortical dysplasia, grey matter heterotopiaĮ.g. gangliogliomas, DNET, PXA, low-grade gliomas) ![]() stroke, cerebral palsy, post- meningitis, traumatic brain injury, vascular malformations, mesial temporal sclerosis, meningoencephaloceles, tumors (e.g. The International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) have proposed the following etiological classification 4:Īcquired, e.g. There are a myriad of etiologies, however, in adults with new onset of seizures ~50% will not have a determinable cause 2. Dravet syndrome, Lennox-Gastaut syndrome, idiopathic (genetic) generalized epilepsy May be non-motor or absence (preferred term to 'petit mal') seizureĮ.g. May be motor seizures, e.g. tonic-clonic (preferred term to 'grand mal') seizure, clonic seizure, tonic seizure, myoclonic-tonic-clonic seizure, myoclonic-atonic seizure, atonic seizure May progress from focal to bilateral tonic-clonic seizures May be motor onset or non-motor onset (e.g. May have awareness (preferred term to 'simple partial') or impaired awareness (preferred term to 'complex partial' or 'dyscognitive') neurocognitive deterioration, weight gain, rash, osteoporosisĮpilepsy is classified by the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) according to a three-level framework 4:įocal (preferred term to 'partial') onset lower education levels, lower employment rates with fewer options, limitations on recreational activities, stigmatisation injury, death, neurocognitive deterioration Physical effects/complications of epileptic seizures, e.g. However, there are other important clinical features which may accompany epileptic seizures in epilepsy 3: The hallmark clinical feature of epilepsy is that of epileptic seizures, which may have a variety of semiologies depending on the type of seizure and epilepsy. Epilepsy is very common, with approximately 3% of the population affected at some point in their life 2.
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